biotech
Bio-AnalystSupplement research
person
arrow_backExplore/Melatonin

Melatonin

Selected research topic

Glucose and metabolic health

Some measured outcomes improved in human comparison studies. Read these findings with their populations and conditions.

Some findings concern patients or people with a deficiency.

Publications for this topic
8
Human comparison publications
2
Publications needing review
3

Findings in the studies

  • body weight

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.

      What the comparison group used was not confirmed.

      Patient group · Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Clinical trial
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • fasting plasma glucose

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · 12 weeks.
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Adjusted between-group melatonin versus placebo comparison.
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      12 weeks.

  • homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · 12 weeks.
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Adjusted between-group melatonin versus placebo comparison.
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      12 weeks.

  • quantitative insulin sensitivity check index

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · 12 weeks.
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Adjusted between-group melatonin versus placebo comparison.
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      12 weeks.
Other measured outcomes (9)

  • serum insulin levels

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · 12 weeks.
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Adjusted between-group melatonin versus placebo comparison.
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      12 weeks.

  • fasting blood glucose

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • The study reported improvement in this measurement.

      What the comparison group used was not confirmed.

      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: Melatonin supplementation versus comparator arms in pooled RCTs; comparator details not provided in
      Additional measurement information
      Secondary outcome
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • fasting glucose

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Study subject not identified
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • The study reported improvement in this measurement.

      What the comparison group used was not confirmed.

      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • HbA1c levels

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Study subject not identified
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: Pooled RCT estimate; comparator not reported in the abstract
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      varied or unspecified across included trials

  • hemoglobin A1c

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: Melatonin supplementation versus comparator arms in pooled RCTs; comparator details not provided in
      Additional measurement information
      Secondary outcome
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • HOMA-IR

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: Melatonin supplementation versus comparator arms in pooled RCTs; comparator details not provided in
      Additional measurement information
      Secondary outcome
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • insulin

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: Melatonin supplementation versus comparator arms in pooled RCTs; comparator details not provided in
      Additional measurement information
      Secondary outcome
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • insulin levels

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Study subject not identified
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: Pooled RCT estimate; comparator not reported in the abstract
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      varied or unspecified across included trials
Representative outcome and study details

Studies with an unspecified organism reported both between-group improvement and a change with no confirmed comparison group for fasting blood glucose.

These conditions come from related studies and may not describe a single paper.

Single-ingredient studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison · comparator not confirmed

2 publications linked to this result

  • Study conditions differ; results are shown descriptively and are not pooled.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications

Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.

Analysis status: Public-ready

Ingredient analysis date:

How the grade was determined: B

The 51.0 evidence score includes 1 independent human studies and 1 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The B tier remains conservative because of limited repetition across independent human clinical studies, too few clinical findings with an explicit effect direction.

The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.

Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 120

Papers linked to this topic 8 · distinct papers 8 · papers with a confirmed human comparison 2 · papers needing additional review 3

A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.

  • body weight: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • fasting blood glucose: Sources represented in this measurement group: 2 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • fasting glucose: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • fasting plasma glucose: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • HbA1c levels: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • hemoglobin A1c: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • HOMA-IR: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • insulin: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • insulin levels: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • quantitative insulin sensitivity check index: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • serum insulin levels: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1

What the research found

fasting plasma glucose

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

quantitative insulin sensitivity check index

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

serum insulin levels

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

body weight

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Other evidence · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

fasting blood glucose

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

fasting blood glucose

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

fasting glucose

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Unspecified population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

HbA1c levels

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Unspecified population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

hemoglobin A1c

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

HOMA-IR

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

insulin

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

insulin levels

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Unspecified population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Unspecified measured outcome

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Unspecified measured outcome

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Meta-analysis · Unknown intervention · Unspecified population

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

2 papers · 2 measured outcomes

2 papers held from direction counts

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

How to read research findings

How should I read research findings?

Research guides

Side effects and combination findings

Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.

No combination cautions are available to show in the current data. This does not guarantee safety.

Review 1 combination findings and 0 findings that outperformed an ingredient alone.

Reported improvements with combinations

Combination findings are grouped by how the study compared them. This is not a recommendation to combine ingredients.

Combinations with reported improvement

The combination showed improvement, but each ingredient's contribution is unclear.

마그네슘Combined melatonin and magnesium supplementation was more effective in improving serum levels of insulin compared to baseline.