Improvement after a supplement is not the same as a comparative result
Start with the comparison. A before-and-after change alone cannot isolate the contribution of an ingredient.
Melatonin
Selected research topic
Bone, joint, and mobility
Human comparison studies did not find a clear difference in some measured outcomes.
Some findings concern patients or people with a deficiency.
- Publications for this topic
- 1
- Human comparison publications
- 1
- Publications needing review
- 0
Findings in the studies
BMD at l-spine
- No clear difference from the comparison group was found.Patient group · Single ingredient · 12 months
Measurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
- Study population
- Human participants · Patient group
- Ingredients tested
- Single ingredient
- How results were compared
- Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Melatonin versus placebo; lumbar-spine BMD difference was not significant.
- Additional measurement information
- Primary outcome
- Measurement time
- 12 months
Representative outcome and study details
Human studies reported no clear between-group difference in BMD at l-spine.
Single-ingredient studies · Human studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison
1 publications linked to this result
- Route, form, dose, or population details are incomplete, so the findings cannot be confirmed as directly comparable.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications
Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.
Analysis status: Public-ready
Ingredient analysis date:
How the grade was determined: B
The 51.0 evidence score includes 1 independent human studies and 1 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The B tier remains conservative because of limited repetition across independent human clinical studies, too few clinical findings with an explicit effect direction.
The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.
Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 120
Papers linked to this topic 1 · distinct papers 1 · papers with a confirmed human comparison 1 · papers needing additional review 0
A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.
- BMD at l-spine: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
What the research found
BMD at l-spine
No clear difference in this measurement was found between the compared groups.
Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group
Between-group comparison
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
How to read research findings
How should I read research findings?
Research guidesNo clear difference and an uninterpretable result are different
A reported null comparison contains a result. An abstract without an interpretable comparison leaves a question unresolved.
Paper counts and study counts are different
Count original research separately from research that reanalyzes it. Publication volume is neither replication nor a quality rating.
Side effects and combination findings
Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.
No combination cautions are available to show in the current data. This does not guarantee safety.
Review 1 combination findings and 0 findings that outperformed an ingredient alone.
Reported improvements with combinations
Combination findings are grouped by how the study compared them. This is not a recommendation to combine ingredients.
Combinations with reported improvement
The combination showed improvement, but each ingredient's contribution is unclear.
마그네슘Combined melatonin and magnesium supplementation was more effective in improving serum levels of insulin compared to baseline.