Improvement after a supplement is not the same as a comparative result
Start with the comparison. A before-and-after change alone cannot isolate the contribution of an ingredient.
Magnesium
Selected research topic
Stress and mood
Confirmed comparison evidence for this topic is limited. The findings below retain their study conditions.
Findings from a combination study cannot be attributed to this ingredient alone.
Some publications still need interpretation checks and are kept separate from the findings below.
- Publications for this topic
- 4
- Human comparison publications
- 0
- Publications needing review
- 1
Findings in the studies
depression scores
Research with unclear study subject or type
- The study reported improvement in this measurement.
What the comparison group used was not confirmed.
Single ingredientMeasurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Systematic review
- Study population
- Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
- Ingredients tested
- Single ingredient
- How results were compared
- Results were compared between groups.
- Measurement time
- Not confirmed.
depressive symptoms
Research with unclear study subject or type
- The study reported improvement in this measurement.
What the comparison group used was not confirmed.
Single ingredientMeasurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Systematic review
- Study population
- Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
- Ingredients tested
- Single ingredient
- How results were compared
- Results were compared between groups.
- Measurement time
- Not confirmed.
subjective anxiety outcomes
Research with unclear study subject or type
- A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
Several ingredients were tested together, so this ingredient’s individual effect is unknown.
Combination studyMeasurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Systematic review
- Study population
- Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
- Ingredients tested
- Ingredient combination
- How results were compared
- Study comparison: review of magnesium-alone and combination interventions; positive findings in some samples and null
- Measurement time
- Not confirmed.
This result is held for interpretation. That does not mean research found no effect.
Outcome groups needing additional review (1)
- DASS-42 stress subscale score · Distinct papers needing additional review: 1Evidence criteria check: 1
One paper can appear under multiple measured outcomes or review reasons, so these counts should not be added together.
Representative outcome and study details
Studies with an unspecified organism reported between-group improvement in depression scores.
Single-ingredient studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison
1 publications linked to this result
- Route, form, dose, or population details are incomplete, so the findings cannot be confirmed as directly comparable.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications
Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.
Analysis status: Public-ready
Ingredient analysis date:
How the grade was determined: B
The 56.0 evidence score includes 0 independent human studies and 0 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The B tier remains conservative because of limited repetition across independent human clinical studies, too few clinical findings with an explicit effect direction.
The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.
Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 50
Papers linked to this topic 4 · distinct papers 4 · comparison findings need further review · papers needing additional review 1
A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.
- DASS-42 stress subscale score: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
- depression scores: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
- depressive symptoms: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
- subjective anxiety outcomes: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
What the research found
depression scores
The study reported improvement in this measurement.
Review · Single ingredient · Patient group
Between-group comparison
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
depressive symptoms
The study reported improvement in this measurement.
Review · Single ingredient · Patient group
Between-group comparison
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
subjective anxiety outcomes
A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
Review · Ingredient combination · Patient group
Several ingredients were used together. This does not establish the effect of this ingredient alone or synergy.
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
DASS-42 stress subscale score
The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.
Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Deficiency group
Between-group comparison
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
1 papers held from direction counts
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
How to read research findings
How should I read research findings?
Research guidesNo clear difference and an uninterpretable result are different
A reported null comparison contains a result. An abstract without an interpretable comparison leaves a question unresolved.
Paper counts and study counts are different
Count original research separately from research that reanalyzes it. Publication volume is neither replication nor a quality rating.
Side effects and combination findings
Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.
No reviewed caution rules are available yet. Reported caution findings are shown below.
Review 5 combination findings and 0 findings that outperformed an ingredient alone.
Findings to review with care
Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.
Side effects reported with this ingredient alone
Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies without another active ingredient.
diarrhea leading to study discontinuation (tolerability)1 papers
In the randomized trial, the magnesium oxide group had a higher dropout rate than control (27% vs 17%), primarily due to diarrhea.Human studies · Randomized controlled trialReported improvements with combinations
Combination findings are grouped by how the study compared them. This is not a recommendation to combine ingredients.
Combinations with reported improvement
The combination showed improvement, but each ingredient's contribution is unclear.
비타민 B6In subjects with severe/extremely severe stress, the combination of magnesium and vitamin B6 resulted in a 24% greater improvement compared to magnesium alone (p=0.0203).
비타민 DCo-supplementation with Vitamin D and Magnesium resulted in significant improvements in behavioral function and mental health scores compared to placebo.
MelatoninCombined melatonin and magnesium supplementation was more effective in improving serum levels of insulin compared to baseline.
CholineCo-supplementation of choline and magnesium was more effective in improving inflammation and endothelial dysfunction than either alone.
아연Co-supplementation with magnesium oxide and zinc sulfate resulted in significant improvements in glycemic control, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers compared to placebo.