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Zinc

Selected research topic

Immune and respiratory health

Some measured outcomes improved in human comparison studies. Read these findings with their populations and conditions.

Some findings concern patients or people with a deficiency.

Publications for this topic
4
Human comparison publications
2
Publications needing review
0

Findings in the studies

  • ALRI cessation

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      Patient group · Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Zinc 30 mg elemental/day versus placebo
      Additional measurement information
      Primary outcome
      Measurement time
      Until infection cessation; median 3 vs 4 days

  • days with pneumonia

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.

      What the comparison group used was not confirmed.

      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Participant characteristics were not confirmed.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • human immunodeficiency virus

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Review
      Study population
      Recorded population category: General population. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: No comparator specified; evidence review states current data do not support efficacy.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • pneumonia

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Review
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: reviewed zinc supplementation studies; duration over three months versus shorter exposure is not a d
      Additional measurement information
      Primary outcome
      Measurement time
      more than three months; shorter duration uncertain
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Review
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: adjunctive zinc supplementation for treatment versus usual treatment/control across reviewed studies
      Additional measurement information
      Secondary outcome
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.
Other measured outcomes (1)

  • upper respiratory infection

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Review
      Study population
      Recorded population category: General population. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: No comparator specified; internally mixed review-level statements.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.
Representative outcome and study details

Human studies reported between-group improvement in ALRI cessation.

Single-ingredient studies · Human studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison

1 publications linked to this result

  • Route, form, dose, or population details are incomplete, so the findings cannot be confirmed as directly comparable.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications

Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.

Analysis status: Public-ready

Ingredient analysis date:

How the grade was determined: B

The 61.4 evidence score includes 2 independent human studies and 2 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The B tier remains conservative because of limited repetition across independent human clinical studies, limited repeated evidence for directly felt outcomes.

The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.

Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 58

Papers linked to this topic 4 · distinct papers 4 · papers with a confirmed human comparison 2 · papers needing additional review 0

A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.

  • ALRI cessation: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • days with pneumonia: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • human immunodeficiency virus: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • pneumonia: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • upper respiratory infection: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0

What the research found

ALRI cessation

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

days with pneumonia

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Unspecified population

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

human immunodeficiency virus

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Review · Single ingredient · General population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

pneumonia

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Review · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

pneumonia

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Review · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

upper respiratory infection

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Review · Single ingredient · General population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

How to read research findings

How should I read research findings?

Research guides

Side effects and combination findings

Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.

No reviewed caution rules are available yet. Reported caution findings are shown below.

Review 1 combination findings and 0 findings that outperformed an ingredient alone.

Findings to review with care

Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.

Side effects reported with this ingredient alone

Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies without another active ingredient.

vomiting occurrence within 30 minutes after administration1 papers
Lower doses of zinc (5-10 mg/day) significantly reduced vomiting within 30 minutes of administration compared with 20 mg/day in children with acute diarrhea.Human studies · Randomized controlled trial

Reported improvements with combinations

Combination findings are grouped by how the study compared them. This is not a recommendation to combine ingredients.

Combinations with reported improvement

The combination showed improvement, but each ingredient's contribution is unclear.

마그네슘Co-supplementation with magnesium oxide and zinc sulfate resulted in significant improvements in glycemic control, lipid profiles, and inflammatory markers compared to placebo.