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Niacin

Selected research topic

Blood lipids

Some measured outcomes improved in human comparison studies. Read these findings with their populations and conditions.

Findings from a combination study cannot be attributed to this ingredient alone.

Some findings concern patients or people with a deficiency.

Publications for this topic
11
Human comparison publications
2
Publications needing review
4

Findings in the studies

  • LDL

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · In-trial samples at 1 year
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Extended-release niacin plus simvastatin versus placebo plus simvastatin
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      In-trial samples at 1 year

  • Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

    • A better result than the comparison group was reported.

      Several ingredients were tested together, so this ingredient’s individual effect is unknown.

      What the comparison group used was not confirmed.

      Patient group · Combination study
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Ingredient combination
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups.
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • HDL cholesterol

    Other human research, including observational studies and reviews
    • A change was reported before and after use. Its cause cannot be isolated.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · 16 weeks
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Changes within the same group were compared. · Within-group comparison
      Additional measurement information
      Secondary outcome
      Measurement time
      16 weeks
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Patient group · Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Randomized controlled trial: subjects were randomly assigned to groups for comparison.
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

  • high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

    Other human research, including observational studies and reviews
    • An association was observed. This does not establish that the ingredient caused the change.
      Patient group · Single ingredient · 12 and 24 weeks
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Observational study
      Study population
      Human participants · Patient group
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Comparison unclear · Study comparison: niacin-group pre/post versus baseline; selected statin controls not randomized
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      12 and 24 weeks
Other measured outcomes (2)

  • HDL-C

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: General population. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Study comparison: niacin trial set summarized separately from fibrate trial set; no direct head-to-head comparison est
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      unspecified across included trials

  • triglyceride reductions

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • The study reported improvement in this measurement.
      Single ingredient
      Measurement and study conditions
      Study type
      Meta-analysis
      Study population
      Recorded population category: Patient group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
      Ingredients tested
      Single ingredient
      How results were compared
      Results were compared between groups. · Study comparison: Niacin network rank among vitamin/mineral supplements; no pairwise estimate stated
      Additional measurement information
      Biomarker
      Measurement time
      Not confirmed.

This result is held for interpretation. That does not mean research found no effect.

Outcome groups needing additional review (1)
  • HDLc · Distinct papers needing additional review: 1Direction unclear: 1

One paper can appear under multiple measured outcomes or review reasons, so these counts should not be added together.

Representative outcome and study details

Human studies reported both a within-group change and a change with no confirmed comparison group for HDL cholesterol.

These conditions come from related studies and may not describe a single paper.

Single-ingredient studies · Human studies · Includes patient groups · within-group comparison · comparator not confirmed

2 publications linked to this result

  • Study conditions differ; results are shown descriptively and are not pooled.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications

Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.

Analysis status: Public-ready

Ingredient analysis date:

How the grade was determined: C

The 16.3 evidence score includes 0 independent human studies and 0 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The C tier remains conservative because of limited repetition across independent human clinical studies, too few clinical findings with an explicit effect direction.

The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.

Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 59

Papers linked to this topic 11 · distinct papers 11 · papers with a confirmed human comparison 2 · papers needing additional review 4

A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.

  • HDL cholesterol: Sources represented in this measurement group: 2 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • HDL-C: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • HDLc: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • LDL: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • triglyceride reductions: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0

What the research found

HDL cholesterol

A change was reported before and after use. Its cause cannot be isolated.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Within-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

LDL

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Ingredient combination · Patient group

Several ingredients were used together. This does not establish the effect of this ingredient alone or synergy.

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

An association was observed. This does not establish that the ingredient caused the change.

Observational study · Single ingredient · Patient group

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

triglyceride reductions

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · Patient group

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

HDL cholesterol

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Controlled study in people · Single ingredient · Patient group

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

HDL-C

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Meta-analysis · Single ingredient · General population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

HDLc

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Review · Single ingredient · Patient group

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Unspecified measured outcome

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Meta-analysis · Unknown intervention · Patient group

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Unspecified measured outcome

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Other evidence · Unknown intervention · Patient group

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Unspecified measured outcome

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Review · Unknown intervention · Patient group

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

How to read research findings

How should I read research findings?

Research guides

Side effects and combination findings

Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.

No reviewed caution rules are available yet. Reported caution findings are shown below.

Findings to review with care

Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.

Side effects reported with this ingredient alone

Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies without another active ingredient.

Cutaneous vasodilation (flushing)1 papers
Niacin causes cutaneous vasodilation (flushing) as a strong side effect when used to treat dyslipidemias.Human studies · Study type not identified

Cautions reported with another supplement or medication

These studies reported worsening outcomes, reduced absorption, or other cautions with combined use. They do not predict an individual's outcome.

스타틴Increased risk of all-cause mortality observed when niacin is combined with statins.