Improvement after a supplement is not the same as a comparative result
Start with the comparison. A before-and-after change alone cannot isolate the contribution of an ingredient.
Iodine
Selected research topic
Nutrient status
Confirmed comparison evidence for this topic is limited. The findings below retain their study conditions.
Some publications still need interpretation checks and are kept separate from the findings below.
Some findings concern patients or people with a deficiency.
- Publications for this topic
- 4
- Human comparison publications
- 0
- Publications needing review
- 1
Findings in the studies
severe iodine deficiency
Other human research, including observational studies and reviews
- An association was observed. This does not establish that the ingredient caused the change.Deficiency group
Measurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Observational study
- Study population
- Human participants · Deficiency group
- Ingredients tested
- Unknown intervention
- How results were compared
- Comparison unclear · Study comparison: Different cross-sectional samples before versus after regional supplementation-guideline implementat
- Additional measurement information
- Primary outcome
- Measurement time
- after guideline implementation; timing unspecified
endemic goiter
Research with unclear study subject or type
- A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.Single ingredient
Measurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Review
- Study population
- Recorded population category: Deficiency group. Whether the research involved humans needs confirmation.
- Ingredients tested
- Single ingredient
- How results were compared
- Study comparison: Historical iodine supplementation and endemic-goiter prevention
- Measurement time
- Not confirmed.
in vivo bioavailability
Research with unclear study subject or type
- A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
Measurement and study conditions
- Study type
- Meta-analysis
- Study population
- Study subject not identified
- Ingredients tested
- Unknown intervention
- How results were compared
- Study comparison: review synthesis of in-vivo and in-vitro food-source bioavailability studies
- Additional measurement information
- Biomarker
- Measurement time
- Not confirmed.
Representative outcome and study details
Studies with an unspecified organism reported a change with no confirmed comparison group in endemic goiter.
Single-ingredient studies · Includes deficiency groups · comparator not confirmed
1 publications linked to this result
- Route, form, dose, or population details are incomplete, so the findings cannot be confirmed as directly comparable.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications
Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.
Analysis status: Public-ready
Ingredient analysis date:
How the grade was determined: B
The 57.4 evidence score includes 0 independent human studies and 0 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The B tier remains conservative because of limited repetition across independent human clinical studies, too few clinical findings with an explicit effect direction.
The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.
Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 72
Papers linked to this topic 4 · distinct papers 4 · comparison findings need further review · papers needing additional review 1
A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.
- endemic goiter: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
- in vivo bioavailability: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
- severe iodine deficiency: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
What the research found
severe iodine deficiency
An association was observed. This does not establish that the ingredient caused the change.
Observational study · Unknown intervention · Deficiency group
The comparison could not be confirmed.
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
endemic goiter
A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
Review · Single ingredient · Deficiency group
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
in vivo bioavailability
A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
Meta-analysis · Unknown intervention · Unspecified population
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
Unspecified measured outcome
The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.
Review · Single ingredient · Unspecified population
The comparison could not be confirmed.
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
1 papers held from direction counts
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
How to read research findings
How should I read research findings?
Research guidesNo clear difference and an uninterpretable result are different
A reported null comparison contains a result. An abstract without an interpretable comparison leaves a question unresolved.
Paper counts and study counts are different
Count original research separately from research that reanalyzes it. Publication volume is neither replication nor a quality rating.
Side effects and combination findings
Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.
No reviewed caution rules are available yet. Reported caution findings are shown below.
Findings to review with care
Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.
Side effects reported with this ingredient alone
Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies without another active ingredient.
Iodine toxicity1 papers
Excess iodine exposure from environmental contamination can cause serious physiological adverse effects in humans.Human studies · Systematic reviewCell viability1 papers
Higher concentrations of iodine (Lugol solution) induce cytotoxicity and apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells.Cell studies · Cell or in-vitro study