Improvement after a supplement is not the same as a comparative result
Start with the comparison. A before-and-after change alone cannot isolate the contribution of an ingredient.
Citrulline
Selected research topic
Stress and mood
Confirmed comparison evidence for this topic is limited. The findings below retain their study conditions.
Some publications still need interpretation checks and are kept separate from the findings below.
- Publications for this topic
- 1
- Human comparison publications
- 0
- Publications needing review
- 1
The current data are insufficient to judge results for this topic.
Representative outcome and study details
Some findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
A distinct publication count is not available.
- Those papers are not summarized until review is complete.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications
Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.
Analysis status: Public-ready
Ingredient analysis date:
How the grade was determined: B
The 61.4 evidence score includes 15 independent human studies and 15 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The B tier remains conservative because of a meaningful share of null findings in the same benefit area.
The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.
Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 76
Papers linked to this topic 1 · distinct papers 1 · comparison findings need further review · papers needing additional review 1
A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.
What the research found
Unspecified measured outcome
The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.
Review · Unknown intervention · Patient group
The comparison could not be confirmed.
Analysis coverage and paper counts
1 paper · 1 measured outcome
1 papers held from direction counts
Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.
Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.
How to read research findings
How should I read research findings?
Research guidesNo clear difference and an uninterpretable result are different
A reported null comparison contains a result. An abstract without an interpretable comparison leaves a question unresolved.
Paper counts and study counts are different
Count original research separately from research that reanalyzes it. Publication volume is neither replication nor a quality rating.
Side effects and combination findings
Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.
No reviewed caution rules are available yet. Reported caution findings are shown below.
Findings to review with care
Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.
Side effects reported with this ingredient alone
Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies without another active ingredient.
number of repetitions1 papers
In a crossover RCT of 41 men, 8 g of citrulline malate increased repetitions to fatigue by 52.92 % and reduced muscle soreness by 40 % compared with placebo, with mild stomach discomfort reported in 14.63 % of participants.Human studies · Randomized controlled trial